“The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”
On his last day in office, James Madison delivered what might be history’s most significant – and overlooked – presidential veto. This was in response to the Bonus Bill in 1817 – an infrastructure bill, what they referred to as “internal...
Can the president fight any war he wishes? Can Congress fund any war it chooses? Are there constitutional and legal requirements that must first be met before war is waged? These questions should be addressed in a national debate over the U.S. military involvement in...
Was the militia intended to be used as an offensive military force in foreign lands? During the War of 1812, New England states not only said no, but they used the principles of the 10th Amendment to actively interpose and resist federal demands for mobilizing the...
This government “will swallow the liberties of the people, without giving them previous notice.” That’s one of many stark warnings Patrick Henry gave us in 1788. In a series of fiery speeches during the Virginia Ratifying Convention, he laid out some of the most...
Trial by Jury. Thomas Jefferson considered it “the only anchor ever imagined by man by which a government can be held to the principles of its constitution.” Jury nullification makes that possible, which is why the government doesn’t want us to know, learn, or use it....
If you want to understand the Constitution, you should know something of the social context that produced it. Very useful for this purpose are the chapters on the 17th and 18th century in George Macaulay Trevelyan’s book, English Social History: A Survey of Six...